i phone picture a day

Sunday, June 7, 2020

OWASP ZAP Project - Zed Attack Proxy Team Releases Two Initiatives

The Zed Attack Proxy team is pleased to announce two recently released initiatives:

ZAP In Ten

The team have just launched a new series of videos called 'ZAP in Ten' in conjunction with AllDayDevOps.

ZAP in Ten is a series of short form videos featuring Simon Bennetts, project lead of the OWASP Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP) project. Each video highlights a specific feature or resource for ZAP.

ZAP API Docs

As part of OWASP's participation in Google's Season of Docs, the ZAP project has had @sshniro working on API documentation. The first iteration of the documentation is now live. It includes Java, Python, and shell example snippets all presented in a responsive and accessible design. Which we will continue to build on in the future.

Big thanks to Nirojan for his efforts on this wonderful initiative! Congratulations and thanks to Google Open Source for helping to bring the open source and technical writer communities together!

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Memcrashed DDoS Exploit | Install | Github

Saturday, June 6, 2020

Linux Stack Protection By Default

Modern gcc compiler (v9.2.0) protects the stack by default and you will notice it because instead of SIGSEGV on stack overflow you will get a SIGABRT, but it also generates coredumps.

In this case the compiler adds the variable local_10. This variable helds a canary value that is checked at the end of the function.
The memset overflows the four bytes stack variable and modifies the canary value.

The 64bits canary 0x5429851ebaf95800 can't be predicted, but in specific situations is not re-generated and can be bruteforced or in other situations can be leaked from memory for example using a format string vulnerability or an arbitrary read wihout overflowing the stack.

If the canary doesn't match, the libc function __stack_chck_fail is called and terminates the prorgam with a SIGABORT which generates a coredump, in the case of archlinux managed by systemd and are stored on "/var/lib/systemd/coredump/"

❯❯❯ ./test
*** stack smashing detected ***: terminated
fish: './test' terminated by signal SIGABRT (Abort)

❯❯❯ sudo lz4 -d core.test.1000.c611b7caa58a4fa3bcf403e6eac95bb0.1121.1574354610000000.lz4
[sudo] password for xxxx:
Decoding file core.test.1000.c611b7caa58a4fa3bcf403e6eac95bb0.1121.1574354610000000
core.test.1000.c611b : decoded 249856 bytes

❯❯❯ sudo gdb /home/xxxx/test core.test.1000.c611b7caa58a4fa3bcf403e6eac95bb0.1121.1574354610000000 -q

We specify the binary and the core file as a gdb parameters. We can see only one LWP (light weight process) or linux thread, so in this case is quicker to check. First of all lets see the back trace, because in this case the execution don't terminate in the segfaulted return.

We can see on frame 5 the address were it would had returned to main if it wouldn't aborted.

Happy Idea: we can use this stack canary aborts to detect stack overflows. In Debian with prevous versions it will be exploitable depending on the compilation flags used.
And note that the canary is located as the last variable in the stack so the previous variables can be overwritten without problems.

Related posts

What Is Cybercrime? What Are The Types Of Cybercrime? What Is Cyberlaw In India?

What is cyber crime?

Cybercrime is the use of computers & networks to perform illegal activities such as spreading viruses,online bullying,performing unauthorized electronic fund transfers etc. Most cyber crimes are committed through the internet.
Some cyber crime also be carried out using mobile phones via Sms and online chatting applications.

TYPES OF CYBERCRIME

The following list presents the common types of cybercrimes-

1-Computer Fraud-Intential deception for personal gain via the use of computer system.

2-Privacy Violations-Exposing personal information such as email addresses,phone numbers,account details etc, on social media,websites,etc.

3-Identity theft-Stealing personal information from somebody and impersonating that person.

4-Sharing copyright files/information-This involves distributing copyright protected files such as eBooks and computer program etc.

5-Electronic funds transfer-This involves gaining an unauthorized access to bank computer networks and making illegal funds transferring.

6-Electronic money laundering-This involves the use of the computer to launder money.

7-Atm fraud-This involves intercepting ATM card details such as account numbers and PIN numbers.These details are then used to withdraw funds from the intercepted accounts.

8-Denial of service attack-This involves the use of computers in multiple locations to attack servers with a view of shutting them down.

9-Spam:sending unauthorized emails.

These emails usually contain advertisements.

CYBER LAW

Under The Information Technology Act,2000

CHAPTER XI-OFFENCES-66. Hacking with computer system.

1-whoever with the Intent to cause or knowing that he is likely to cause Wrongfull Loss or Damage to the public or any person Destroys or Deletes or Alter any Information Residing in computer Resource or diminishes its value or utility or affects it injuriously by any means, commits hack.

2-whoever commits hacking shell be punished with imprisonment up to three years, or with fine which may extend up to two lakh rupees,or with both.

More info

$$$ Bug Bounty $$$

What is Bug Bounty ?

A bug bounty program, also called a vulnerability rewards program (VRP), is a crowdsourcing initiative that rewards individuals for discovering and reporting software bugs. Bug bounty programs are often initiated to supplement internal code audits and penetration tests as part of an organization's vulnerability management strategy.

Many software vendors and websites run bug bounty programs, paying out cash rewards to software security researchers and white hat hackers who report software vulnerabilities that have the potential to be exploited. Bug reports must document enough information for for the organization offering the bounty to be able to reproduce the vulnerability. Typically, payment amounts are commensurate with the size of the organization, the difficulty in hacking the system and how much impact on users a bug might have.

Mozilla paid out a $3,000 flat rate bounty for bugs that fit its criteria, while Facebook has given out as much as $20,000 for a single bug report. Google paid Chrome operating system bug reporters a combined $700,000 in 2012 and Microsoft paid UK researcher James Forshaw $100,000 for an attack vulnerability in Windows 8.1. In 2016, Apple announced rewards that max out at $200,000 for a flaw in the iOS secure boot firmware components and up to $50,000 for execution of arbitrary code with kernel privileges or unauthorized iCloud access.

While the use of ethical hackers to find bugs can be very effective, such programs can also be controversial. To limit potential risk, some organizations are offering closed bug bounty programs that require an invitation. Apple, for example, has limited bug bounty participation to few dozen researchers.

More info

S2 Dynamic Tracer And Decompiler For Gdb

Decompiling is very useful for understanding srtipped binaries, most dissasemblers like IDA or Hopper have a plugin for decompiling binaries, generating a c like pseudocode.

Static analysis, is very useful in most of cases, specially when the binary is not so big, or when you just have an address where to start to analyze. But some algorithms will be learned in less time by dynamic analysis like tracing or debugging.

In cookiemonsters team, we are working on several tracers with different focus, but all of them mix the concept of tracing and decompiling to generate human-readable traces.

S2 is my tracer & decompiler plugin for gdb, very useful for ctfs.

Some of the features are:

- signed/unsigned detecion
- conditional pseudocode (if)
- syscall resolution
- unroll bucles
- used registers values
- mem states
- strings
- logging

The code:

https://bitbucket.org/sha0coder/gdb_automatization/

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Friday, June 5, 2020

Ransomware.OSX.KeRanger Samples

Research: New OS X Ransomware KeRanger Infected Transmission BitTorrent Client Installer by Claud Xiao

Sample credit: Claud Xiao

File information

d1ac55a4e610380f0ab239fcc1c5f5a42722e8ee1554cba8074bbae4a5f6dbe1
1d6297e2427f1d00a5b355d6d50809cb
Transmission-2.90.dmg

e3ad733cea9eba29e86610050c1a15592e6c77820927b9edeb77310975393574
56b1d956112b0b7bd3e44f20cf1f2c19
Transmission

31b6adb633cff2a0f34cefd2a218097f3a9a8176c9363cc70fe41fe02af810b9
14a4df1df622562b3bf5bc9a94e6a783
General.rtf

d7d765b1ddd235a57a2d13bd065f293a7469594c7e13ea7700e55501206a09b5
24a8f01cfdc4228b4fc9bb87fedf6eb7
Transmission2.90.dmg

ddc3dbee2a8ea9d8ed93f0843400653a89350612f2914868485476a847c6484a
3151d9a085d14508fa9f10d48afc7016
Transmission

6061a554f5997a43c91f49f8aaf40c80a3f547fc6187bee57cd5573641fcf153
861c3da2bbce6c09eda2709c8994f34c
General.rtf

Download

Download. Email me if you need the password (New link)

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